Gall bladder cancer is a rare but aggressive form of cancer that originates in the tissues of the gall bladder, a small organ beneath the liver responsible for storing bile. This type of cancer is often difficult to detect early because it usually doesn’t show symptoms in its initial stages.
The exact cause of gall bladder cancer is unknown, but risk factors include chronic gall bladder inflammation, the presence of gall stones, and conditions like primary sclerosing cholangitis. Additionally, factors like age, gender (more common in women), and family history may increase the risk.
Early-stage gall bladder cancer may cause nonspecific symptoms such as abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting. As the cancer progresses, more noticeable symptoms like jaundice, unexplained weight loss, and a palpable mass in the abdomen may occur.
Diagnosis of gall bladder cancer is usually made through imaging tests such as ultrasound, CT scans, or MRI, and confirmed through a biopsy. Often, gall bladder cancer is found incidentally during surgery for gall stones or other gall bladder conditions.
Treatment for gall bladder cancer depends on the stage of the disease. Early-stage cancer may be treated with surgery to remove the gall bladder (cholecystectomy) and nearby tissues, while more advanced cases may require chemotherapy, radiation, or palliative care to manage symptoms and improve quality of life.