Chronic pancreatitis

Chronic pancreatitis

Chronic pancreatitis is a long-term inflammation of the pancreas that gradually impairs its ability to function properly. Unlike acute pancreatitis, which occurs suddenly, chronic pancreatitis develops over years and leads to persistent damage to the pancreatic tissue, eventually resulting in loss of pancreatic function.

The most common causes of chronic pancreatitis include chronic alcohol consumption, repeated episodes of acute pancreatitis, and genetic disorders such as cystic fibrosis. Other contributing factors may include autoimmune diseases, certain medications, and blockages in the pancreatic duct.

Symptoms of chronic pancreatitis can vary but often include persistent abdominal pain, weight loss, digestive problems, and steatorrhea (fatty stools). As the condition progresses, patients may develop diabetes due to the loss of insulin-producing cells in the pancreas, leading to difficulty in managing blood sugar levels.

Diagnosis of chronic pancreatitis typically involves imaging techniques such as CT scans, MRI, or endoscopic ultrasound, which can reveal changes in the pancreas such as calcifications, ductal irregularities, or atrophy. Blood tests may also be used to assess pancreatic function and rule out other conditions.

Treatment for chronic pancreatitis focuses on managing symptoms, preventing further damage, and improving quality of life. This may include lifestyle changes such as abstaining from alcohol, pain management, pancreatic enzyme replacement therapy to aid digestion, and dietary modifications. In severe cases, surgical interventions or procedures to relieve pancreatic duct obstructions may be necessary.